LAYER OF ATMOSPHERE

 LAYER OF ATMOSPHERE

 

 1. Troposphere

   - Altitude Range: 0 to ~12 km (varies by location)

   - Characteristics: 

•  Closest to Earth's surface.
•  Contains 75% of the atmosphere's mass and most of the water vapor.                
•  Weather phenomena (rain, clouds, etc.) occur here.
•  Temperature decreases with altitude.

2. Stratosphere

   - Altitude Range: ~12 km to ~50 km

   - Characteristics: 

•  Contains the ozone layer, which absorbs harmful UV  radiation.                  
•   Air is more stable, and planes fly here to avoid turbulence.
•   Temperature increases with altitude due to ozone absorption  of sunlight.        

3. Mesosphere

   - Altitude Range: ~50 km to ~85 km

   - Characteristics: 

•  Meteors burn up in this layer.
•  Coldest layer of the atmosphere.
•  Temperature decreases with altitude.

 4. Thermosphere

   - Altitude Range: ~85 km to ~600 km

   - Characteristics: 

•  Contains the ionosphere, important for radio wave transmission.
•  Temperature increases with altitude due to absorption of solar  radiation.    
•  Auroras (northern and southern lights) occur in this layer.

 5. Exosphere

   - Altitude Range: ~600 km and beyond (gradually merges into space)

   - Characteristics: 

• Outermost layer.
•  Air is extremely thin, with particles slowly escaping into space.
•  Satellites orbit within this layer.

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

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1. Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to the Earth's surface?

- a) Stratosphere  

- b) Troposphere  

- c) Mesosphere  

- d) Thermosphere  

Correct answer: b) Troposphere

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2. The layer of the atmosphere where weather phenomena occur is the:

- a) Thermosphere  

- b) Exosphere  

- c) Troposphere  

- d) Mesosphere  

Correct answer: c) Troposphere

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3. The ozone layer is located in which atmospheric layer?

- a) Troposphere  

- b) Stratosphere  

- c) Mesosphere  

- d) Exosphere  

Correct answer: b) Stratosphere

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4. In which layer do planes fly to avoid turbulence?

- a) Troposphere  

- b) Mesosphere  

- c) Stratosphere  

- d) Thermosphere  

Correct answer: c) Stratosphere

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5. What happens to the temperature in the stratosphere as altitude increases?

- a) It decreases  

- b) It remains constant  

- c) It increases  

- d) It fluctuates  

Correct answer: c) It increases

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6. Which layer of the atmosphere contains the coldest temperatures?

- a) Stratosphere  

- b) Mesosphere  

- c) Thermosphere  

- d) Troposphere  

Correct answer: b) Mesosphere

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7. Meteors typically burn up in which atmospheric layer?

- a) Troposphere  

- b) Stratosphere  

- c) Mesosphere  

- d) Exosphere  

Correct answer: c) Mesosphere

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8. The auroras (northern and southern lights) occur in which layer?

- a) Exosphere  

- b) Troposphere  

- c) Stratosphere  

- d) Thermosphere  

Correct answer: d) Thermosphere

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9. Radio waves are transmitted through which part of the thermosphere?

- a) Ionosphere  

- b) Exosphere  

- c) Stratosphere  

- d) Mesosphere  

Correct answer: a) Ionosphere

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10. What is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere called?

- a) Thermosphere  

- b) Stratosphere  

- c) Exosphere  

- d) Mesosphere  

Correct answer: c) Exosphere

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11. Which layer of the atmosphere gradually merges into space?

- a) Thermosphere  

- b) Exosphere  

- c) Mesosphere  

- d) Stratosphere  

Correct answer: b) Exosphere

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12. What happens to the air density as you move up into the exosphere?

- a) It increases  

- b) It decreases  

- c) It remains the same  

- d) It fluctuates  

Correct answer:b) It decreases

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13. Which atmospheric layer contains 75% of the atmosphere's mass?

- a) Troposphere  

- b) Stratosphere  

- c) Mesosphere  

- d) Thermosphere  

Correct answer:a) Troposphere

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14. The temperature in the mesosphere:

- a) Increases with altitude  

- b) Decreases with altitude  

- c) Remains the same  

- d) Fluctuates  

Correct answer: b) Decreases with altitude

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15. Which layer of the atmosphere protects Earth from harmful UV radiation?

- a) Troposphere  

- b) Stratosphere  

- c) Mesosphere  

- d) Thermosphere  

Correct answer: b) Stratosphere

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16. The air is most stable in which layer of the atmosphere?

- a) Troposphere  

- b) Mesosphere  

- c) Stratosphere  

- d) Thermosphere  

Correct answer: c) Stratosphere

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17. The majority of satellites orbit within which layer of the atmosphere?

- a) Exosphere  

- b) Troposphere  

- c) Mesosphere  

- d) Stratosphere  

Correct answer: a) Exosphere

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18. Which layer of the atmosphere is responsible for weather changes and cloud formation?

- a) Thermosphere  

- b) Exosphere  

- c) Troposphere  

- d) Mesosphere  

Correct answer: c) Troposphere

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19. What effect does the ozone layer in the stratosphere have on Earth's surface?

- a) Reflects solar radiation  

- b) Absorbs harmful UV radiation  

- c) Cools the Earth's surface  

- d) None of the above  

Correct answer: b) Absorbs harmful UV radiation

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20. Which atmospheric layer has the thickest air density?

- a) Stratosphere  

- b) Mesosphere  

- c) Troposphere  

- d) Thermosphere  

Correct answer: c) Troposphere